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Luftwaffe Anti-Aircraft War Badge
Aircraft & Exhibits, Cosford, Hangar Three, X006-2704
Originally devised as qualification badges for aircrew, the use of some trade badges became linked to combat experience. The Anti-Aircraft Badge was awarded according to a points system reflecting the types of engagements that individual had undertaken.
Night Fighter Operational Flying Clasp (Silver)
Aircraft & Exhibits, Cosford, Hangar Three, X004-0866
The Luftwaffe introduced flying clasps as a way of acknowledging an aircrew’s operational experience. A bronze clasp represented 20 operational flights, silver 60 and gold 110.
Luftwaffe LKp N101 Flying Helmet
Aircraft & Exhibits, Cosford, Hangar Three, 65/U/599
Night fighter pilots relied on verbal instructions passed from Ground Controllers to intercept incoming bombers. Once the Bordfunker (radar operator) picked up the target on the aircraft’s equipment he would pass instructions using his throat microphone, guiding the pilot to within visual range of the target.
Tripod for Flak Binoculars
Aircraft & Exhibits, London, Hangar Five, X008-7076
Flak binoculars were used during daylight to identify aircraft and provide initial heading information for German anti-aircraft artillery.
Flak Binoculars and tripod
Aircraft & Exhibits, London, Hangar Five, 69/I/508
Flak binoculars were used during daylight to identify aircraft and provide initial heading information for German anti-aircraft artillery.
Würzburg Radar Indicator Unit
Aircraft & Exhibits, Cosford, Hangar Three, 82/R/713
German air defence relied heavily on radar. Early warning was provided by the Freya radar system while Würzburg Radars were used for ground-controlled interception. This unit was used to direct searchlights and flak guns.
Reichsluftschutzbund Helmet
Aircraft & Exhibits, London, Hangar Five, 85/U/352
The Reichsluftschutzbund (National Air Raid Protection League) was staffed by men, women and children who organised and trained civilians in all aspects of air raid precautions. They frequently demonstrated great bravery while undertaking their duties.
FuG 212 Airborne Radar Indicator Unit
Aircraft & Exhibits, London, Hangar Five, 1995/0922/R
The German Air Force started to deploy radar equipped night fighters during 1941. In 1943, an improved model of the Luftwaffe’s Lichtenstein radar, the Funkgerät (FuG) 212, was introduced. The indicator enabled the radio operator to guide the fighter to within visual range of Allied aircraft.
Female Flak-Helper’s Arm Badge
Aircraft & Exhibits, London, Hangar Five, 1986/0591/U
By 1943 a lack of manpower led the Luftwaffe to turn to auxiliary forces for personnel to operate their flak and searchlight defences. These included female auxiliaries, schoolchildren aged 16 and Russian prisoners of war willing to help in exchange for better conditions.
Operations Room Projector
Aircraft & Exhibits, 1943-1945, London, Hangar Five, 1998/0189/I
The defence of German airspace was controlled from operations rooms or ‘battle opera houses’. Here, projectors were used to present an overview of the situation on a large map so that an overall defensive strategy could be directed.
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